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College Planning the Right Way

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So you want to send your child to college?   Perhaps you desire to go to college yourself.  Excellent!  First, congratulations.  Pursuing higher education is often a good move.  Why?  One reason is labor studies continually prove there is a direct correlation between educational level and income.  In other words, study more, earn more.  Benjamin Franklin once said, if a person empties their purse into their head, no one can take it from them.  Wise advice!

Now about that “emptying your purse” part….

It is no secret that college is expensive.  Generally speaking, the average inflation rate is 3% per year.  The historical educational inflation rate is closer to 5% per year according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.  In other words, the cost of school is truly increasing.  Is it possible to send a student to college without sending their parents to the poor house?

Fortunately the answer is yes.  I can honestly say there is no cookie-cutter solution.  I have seen many strategies over the years.  For example, options include:  student loans, second mortgages, second jobs, enlisting the prospective student(s) in the military, grants, scholarships and so forth.  The trouble with many of these strategies in they usually involve being saddled with long term debt!  That is no fun.

Please keep in mind, when it comes to building wealth, there are two basic principles that are always at work.

1. Debt is the enemy of your wealth.
2. Taxes are the enemy of your wealth.

When it comes to financing college, is it possible to legally avoid taxes and reduce debt?  Fortunately, yes!  The tax code allows smart parents to start college savings plans, notably Coverdell Educational Savings Accounts (ESAs) and 529 plans.  The key is to begin early.  Why invest in a college savings plan?  Let me ask you two questions:
1.  Would you rather pay the bank interest for several years or would you rather the bank paid you interest for several years?
2. Would you rather pay more in taxes or less in taxes?

Most of us would rather pay less in taxes and earn more money.

With the right college savings plan it is possible to 1)  Earn interest on your investments,  2) Withdraw qualified distributions tax free and  3) Earn an income tax deduction in certain states, such as Colorado.  Withdrawals can also be coordinated with additional tax credits, such as the American Opportunity Credit.

The choice is really simple.

Do you want to go to college?  Do you prefer to be debt free when college is complete?  Do you want to take advantage of some amazing tax breaks?  If the answers to these questions are yes, please call us.  Starting a college savings plan requires discipline, careful planning and expertise.  We can help.  Call today to discuss which college savings plan may be right for you

 

Written by Michael Angell, CFP®, EA
Castle Rock Investment Company
Copyright 2017
303.719.7523
Michael@CastleRockInvesting.com

Will Trump Repeal the Fiduciary Rule?

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For those who work for Broker-Dealers and Registered Investment Advisers, no one is certain whether Donald Trump or the Republican Party will attempt to eliminate the Fiduciary Rule or keep it intact. But before we get ahead of ourselves it is important to ask one question, will Donald Trump or the Republican Party be able to dismantle the Fiduciary Rule before it becomes enforceable on April 10th, 2017?

Although we cannot answer this question in confidence just yet, repealing this legislation will be quite a task for a few reasons:

  1. With the Fiduciary Rule being effective since April 2016, the rule cannot just simply be thrown out by an executive order. It is also worthy to note that the legislation took 6 years to be written, so the likelihood of the DOL eliminating it is extremely slim.
  2. Broker-Dealers, Insurance Firms, and Investment Advisers have already spent significant resources in designing compliance friendly products and re-inventing their business platforms. So, if the rule were to be thrown out, the government could have dozens of lawsuits on their hands, especially from those who were for the rule.
  3. Despite the Republican Party holding the majority in Congress, they still do not have enough seats to overthrow a filibuster from the Senate. In addition, repealing legislation can take months or even years, during which the rule could have been enforceable for a notable amount of time.
  4. With Donald Trump already planning to tackle dozens of issues in his first 100 days, repealing the Fiduciary Rule is more than likely not his top priority. The rule will also become enforceable by the 80th day of his presidency.

Although it appears that the Fiduciary Rule is here to stay, we will keep you updated if there is anything that will threaten the rule.

Prepare for the Unexpected!

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Ever wonder what would happen if you were not able to make critical decisions by yourself because you were incapacitated? Is there anything you can do to prepare for the unexpected? Yes, there is! While you are still able to do so, there are three crucial documents that all adults should have to be prepared for one of life’s major curveballs. The documents include:

  1. The Financial Power of Attorney (“FPOA”): This is a document that allows an individual (the “principal”) to appoint someone (an “agent”) to make financial decisions on their behalf. This authority can be in effect immediately or come into force when the principal is incapacitated. This can also be beneficial for those who travel internationally and will not be available to sign financial documents.
  2. The Medical Power of Attorney (“MPOA”): This is a document that appoints an agent to make most medical decisions on someone’s behalf if they are incapacitated. It is crucial to also include something called a HIPAA waiver which will allow the agent to access medical records. Without the HIPAA waiver, the agent might not be able to act in the best interest of the principal due to lack of information. It is also important to know that if the principal is in terminal condition, a MPOA will not suffice. In that instance, there is another document that will.
  3. The Living Will/Advanced Directive: This document will allow an individual to decide how they want to be treated in the instance that they are in terminal condition and cannot communicate verbally. For instance, the individual can elect to refuse to be on life support or to be heavily medicated so they can pass peacefully. But perhaps the reason why this document is so crucial is because it will remove the burden from family members required to make these painful decisions and can even prevent families from falling apart due to disagreements.

So, what if you have children or if you were to pass away earlier than expected? If so, how can you communicate those wishes to your children along with other family members?

Contact Michele at MSuriano@CastleRockInvesting.com or (303) 725.7086 today to get your documents in order.

Morgan Stanley Sticking With Commissions

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By Mack Bekeza

Morgan Stanley recently announced how it plans to comply with the impending Fiduciary Rule. As expected, Morgan Stanley did not follow the Merrill Lynch path. Instead, it plans to operate under a provision of the rule called “Best-Interest-Contract Exemption (“BICE”)”. In other words, Morgan Stanley’s strategy is to tackle the compliance requirements and have its clients sign additional disclosures.

Morgan Stanley has decided to take the BICE route because it believes that its “advisers can most effectively uphold a fiduciary standard of care and work in clients’ bests interests by continuing to offer choice.” Morgan Stanley further stated, “Delivering a retirement account platform based on fiduciary principles that provides the widest possible capabilities and preserves client choice is our vote of confidence in our advisers’ continuing commitment to placing client interests first.”

Essentially, Morgan Stanley believes that offering clients the choice between having a commission-based or fee-based retirement account is in the client’s best interest. This also assumes that Morgan Stanley advisers will not sell or recommend certain alternative investments that might not optimally meet a client’s liquidity and retirement needs.

In our opinion, Morgan Stanley may have chosen its business model to differentiate itself from Merrill Lynch. Many advisers only sell commission-based products and want to work for a large broker dealer. The rule points out that paying commissions may be in a client’s best interest (versus asset-based fees) if they have few transactions. However, the firm might still come under fire if its clients believe they are being misled. At the end of the day, it’s about putting the clients first.

If you would like to read further into the decision, check out Investment News’s post about Morgan Stanley’s decision.

©2016 Castle Rock Investment Company. All rights reserved. Please share your insights and comments with us at Mack@Castlerockinvesting.com

Will Morgan Stanley Replicate Merrill Lynch?

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During Morgan Stanley’s third quarter earnings conference call, James Gorman (CEO of Morgan Stanley) stated that the firm will announce their plan to comply with the DOL’s upcoming Fiduciary rule within the next couple of weeks. However, James Gorman did state that “we are not changing things”, “we run our business with the values of doing everything we can to support our clients and we will continue to do so.” In other words, Morgan Stanley will more than likely not go the Merrill Lynch route by no longer offering commission based IRA accounts.

So, if Morgan Stanley decides not to forgo commission based retirement accounts, what would be another possible strategy for them? Although the Fiduciary Rule will technically still allow commissions, it will be required for brokers and advisors to disclose all conflicts of interests to their clients with retirement accounts. It is also important to note that Morgan Stanley’s wealth management division currently oversees $2.1 trillion in client assets, with $855 billion of those assets being under a fee-based model which is a 75% increase from the third quarter of last year. In other words, Morgan Stanley’s strategy could have a significant ripple effect with their clients as well as their advisors.

In addition, Morgan Stanley was charged by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts with “conducting an unethical, high-pressure, sales contest amongst its financial advisors to encourage clients to borrow money against their brokerage accounts.” Morgan Stanley says the allegation is “without merit” and will “vigorously” defend itself. Please note that Morgan Stanley has $70 Billion in client loan balances, which is a new record according to them.

With Morgan Stanley’s strong stance on how they run their business, it will be very interesting to see how this will all play out in the next couple of weeks. And if the charges from Massachusetts are correct, Morgan Stanley will face a world of hurt from regulators and potentially lose client assets. Click on the links to read further into Morgan Stanley’s conference call and the Massachusetts allegations.

Getting the Facts Straight about Qualified Plan Loans

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Are you considering making a large purchase but don’t have the money to do so? Are you in need of emergency cash? Typically, they are many options for people in that situation such as a home loan, a home equity line of credit, personal loans, etc. But what if you do not want to deal with a bank or have a poor credit score? Fortunately, there are a few options, with the most notable being the Qualified Plan Loan. That’s right, you could be able to take a loan from your employer’s retirement plan. In fact, over 75% of Qualified Retirement Plans allow participants to take loans from their accounts.

So now to the big question…is it worth taking a loan from your retirement plan? In short, no. However, it is still important to weigh the options of taking such a loan. Below are the major pros and cons of taking loans from your employer’s retirement plan.

Pros:
1. Qualified Plan loans offer a low interest rate, which is usually the prime rate plus 1%

2. You are not borrowing from a bank; you are just borrowing from yourself. In other words, the interest that you pay will actually go into your retirement account balance. (However, please note that all loan payments going back into the plan are in after-tax dollars).

3. The loan process is typically very easy and you can get the needed cash in a timely manner. On top of that, payments are simply deducted from your paycheck.

4. Loan minimums can be as low as $500-1,000 and people can borrow up to 50% or $50,000 of their vested balance, whichever is less.

Cons:
1. Payment options are not as flexible as other loans since the only two options are the minimum payments deducted from your paycheck or to pay the balance in full.

2. You have 90 days to start making payments back into the plan or else the loan will be considered taxable and will trigger a 10% tax penalty (for borrowers under 59 ½). Remember, if you are laid off, you may only have 90 days to pay the remaining balance in full or the loan will become a taxable event and will also trigger the 10% tax penalty (for borrowers under 59 ½)

3. People who borrow from their employer retirement plan may face loan fees, i.e. loan origination fees, loan maintenance fees, etc. And if the loan is particularly small (say $1,000 for an example) you could theoretically be paying 15% just in fees, which will not go back into your plan.

4. Finally, there are major opportunity costs associated with a Qualified Plan Loan. For example, if the borrowed funds in your account can potentially earn an average of 8% a year while your borrowed funds can only earn a theoretical 4.5% with the interest from the loan, you could theoretically be losing money (depending on market conditions).

In the end, a Qualified Plan Loan may not a great idea for those who have other means of getting an affordable loan and in most cases should only be used as a last resort.

So, how can someone get money for large purchases without going to a bank or borrowing from their retirement plan? For starters, people can make it a monthly habit to contribute to an emergency fund and/or a special purchase(s) fund so that they will not have to borrow money in the first place (please read our previous blogs on emergency funds and on general savings tips).

Overall, borrowing can be quite a hassle and could be costly in the long run no matter how you look at it. However, if you develop a plan for making a large purchase or plan ahead of an emergency, funding these events in our lives can be a much smoother and inexpensive process. If you currently do not have a plan, contact Castle Rock Investment Company to help you reach life’s major financial milestones, we will always work in your best interest!

Major Move by Merrill Lynch to Comply with Fiduciary Rule

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By Mack Bekeza

In order to comply with the upcoming Fiduciary Rule, Merrill Lynch decided to discontinue offering commission based IRA accounts to investors starting April 10th of 2017. Specifically, they want to remove a major conflict of interest between them and their clients by only offering fee-based advisory, robo-advisory, and self-directed services for IRA accounts. Merrill Lynch’s decision is expected to have a major ripple effect for not only their clients, but for their advisers and their respective competitors.

So, how does Merrill Lynch’s decision affect their advisers and their competitors?

  1. As of April 10th of 2017, the firm’s 14,000 plus advisers will no longer be able to open new commission based IRA accounts, which is a notable source of their compensation. On top of that, advisors will now have to further prove their value to their clients when their primary form of compensation will be under a fee based model.
  2. Since Merrill Lynch is one the first major wirehouse firms to make this move, it is expected that other wirehouse firms will also follow suit in order to remain competitive in the upcoming Fiduciary focused marketplace.
  3. Merrill Lynch as well as other wirehouse firms will more than likely face other regulatory issues such as having fee-based variable compensation, which will be prohibited under the Fiduciary Rule.
  4. This might lead to certain broker dealers to no longer service IRA accounts due to additional costs of complying.

Although we believe this is an excellent move by Merrill Lynch, we believe that wirehouse firms such as Merrill will still face regulatory issues as they may have to forgo recommending certain investments to clients as well as having to develop a truly uniform method of compensation from their IRA accounts.

Thrivent is Afraid of Getting Sued!

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In recent news, Thrivent Financial for Lutherans filed a lawsuit against the DOL over the new fiduciary rule and how it could prevent Thrivent from resolving disputes internally. Specifically, Thrivent is seeking a preliminary and permanent injunction against part of the rule that will allow investors to bring a class action against them.

So, why is Thrivent Financial worried about not being able to resolve disputes internally? For one, Thrivent primarily employs sales representatives who sell proprietary insurance and investment products on a commission basis, which will be considered a prohibited transaction under the new rule. Second, one of the primary sources of their total revenue comes from IRA investments and rollovers from qualified plans. In essence, Thrivent is basically claiming that they will have to completely overhaul their business structure.

Although there is not an official comment from the DOL in regard to this lawsuit, experts are curious to see if the DOL will point to statutory authority for regulating retirement accounts and whether or not they will prevail over the Federal Arbitration Act.

Although Thrivent is not the only firm dealing with this issue, it is ironic that a company that was founded and claims to operate under Christian principles is having issues with the contractual obligation to be a fiduciary. Also, the reason why the fiduciary rule and its allowable exemptions are being put into place is so firms such as Thrivent have to work in their retirement investors’ best interest. And on top of that, the fiduciary rule will help make the financial services industry a more true and honest profession, which will give investors more confidence to invest with these firms.

What are your thoughts on this case?